Collection

Tag: research-investment

The Xerox Alto: Funding the Personal Computer Before There Was a Personal-Computer Market

The Alto was a research-capital bet on personal distributed computing years before components were cheap enough to support a mass-market personal computer.

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Multics: The Ambitious Operating-System Investment That Failed Forward Into Unix

Multics was late, expensive, and commercially limited, yet its investment generated operating-system ideas and talent that shaped Unix and decades of software architecture.

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